What is a Contract for Difference (CFD)?
A Contract for Difference (CFD) is an agreement between a buyer and a seller where the seller pays the buyer the difference between the current and closing values of the underlying asset specified in the contract (or vice versa, if the difference is negative, the buyer pays the seller). CFD is a financial derivative tool that allows traders to profit from the price movements of the underlying asset, whether it goes up or down. They are commonly used for market speculation and leverage potential profits and losses.
For example, in City A, there is a house with a market price of 1 million yuan. Xiao Ming tells Xiao Hong that if the house increases by 1 yuan, he will give her 1 yuan, and if it increases by 10,000 yuan, he will give her 10,000 yuan. Conversely, if the house decreases by 1 yuan, Xiao Hong has to pay Xiao Ming 1 yuan, and if it decreases by 10,000 yuan, she has to pay him 10,000 yuan. Xiao Hong believes the house will always go up and agrees to the bet. Eventually, due to an economic downturn, the house price drops by 50,000 yuan, resulting in Xiao Ming profiting 50,000 yuan.
In this process, neither Xiao Ming nor Xiao Hong actually buys or sells the house itself. The house is just the underlying asset in the CFD, also known as the contract variety.
Foreign exchange trading works similarly, replacing the underlying asset with currency pairs. Therefore, when we talk about forex trading, it refers to Contract for Difference (CFD) in forex.
For instance, when the EUR/USD exchange rate is 1.08000, buying a contract worth 100,000 euros (1 lot) in exchange for dollars would make the contract's current value 108,000 dollars. If the price reaches 1.09000, the contract value increases to 109,000 dollars, resulting in a profit of 1,000 dollars.
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